Energy Modeling and Optimization

Energy modelling is an effective computer-based tool that is used to review various design strategies for a building. The model provides a prediction of possible energy savings of a proposed building against that of a baseline building. 

It is a valuable tool within the Integrated Design Process (IDP) as it simulates the energy use of a building throughout an entire year of operation. It evaluates the energy performance of different materials, construction types and mechanical and electrical system options. Energy modelling is commonly referred to as ‘annual energy use simulation’ or ‘energy simulation’.                                        The Integrated Design Process (IDP) is an interdisciplinary approach that fosters collaboration among various stakeholders involved in designing, constructing, and managing a project. Here are some key points about IDP:

• Holistic Approach: IDP considers multiple disciplines from the outset of the design phase. It aims to create high-performance buildings that contribute to sustainable communities.
• Green Building Focus: IDP is commonly used in the field of green building. By involving experts early on, it significantly improves the chances of success for environmentally friendly projects.
• Collaboration: IDP encourages close collaboration among architects, engineers, contractors, and other professionals. Their combined expertise ensures a holistic and efficient design process.
• Life-Cycle Perspective: IDP looks beyond construction to consider the entire life cycle of a building, including operation and occupancy. This long-term view helps optimize performance and sustainability.

HOW DOES IT WORK?

1. An energy model is created, ideally very early in the design phase of a project.
2. A baseline or typical building is then developed and will be used for comparison purposes. The baseline building is required to meet minimum requirements of the local building code and applicable energy code (typically either the Model National Energy Code or ASHRAE 90.1).
3. Various options or Energy Conservation Measures (ECM’s) of building systems and components are then created and analyzed. Typically, this process will start with envelope options and then move to mechanical and electrical choices.
4. Finally, a variety of measures will be selected and analyzed to determine the energy performance of the proposed design option against the baseline or reference building in terms of energy savings, energy cost savings and net capital costs associated with each.
The above process allows the team to effectively evaluate building systems and components within a project.

WHAT CONTRIBUTES TO SUCCESS?

Effective review of energy modelling takes Life Cycle Costing (LCC) into account as opposed to simple payback alone. Simple payback only takes initial capital cost and annual energy savings into account providing the number of years to pay back, while LCC identifies all factors that influence the total system including inflation, cost of money and ongoing repair and maintenance costs.

While energy modelling does not provide an accurate prediction of future utility costs, it is an effective comparison tool in evaluating various options to ensure a better performing building. For this comparison to be as accurate as possible and to be the best decision-making tool available, it is important to inform the energy modeler as much as possible about how a facility will be operated. A good energy model is a helpful tool that can contribute to ongoing operational success.

{19 July 2024}